Error Handling (try-catch)

Error handling is the process of managing and responding to errors or exceptions that can occur during the execution of a JavaScript program. Errors can occur for various reasons, such as incorrect input, network issues, or programming mistakes.

Throwing Errors: You can use the throw statement to manually throw custom errors or exceptions. This is often useful when you want to create your own error conditions in your code.
```
console.log('Statement 1')
throw new Error('You have an error!')
console.log('Statement 2')
console.log('Statement 3')
```
Try...Catch Statements: The most common way to handle errors in JavaScript is by using try-catch statements. You wrap the code that might throw an error inside a try block, and if an error occurs, it's caught and handled in the catch block.

Syntax :

    try {
      // Code that might throw an error
    } catch (error) {
      // Handle the error here
    }

Example :

   console.log('Statement 1')
   console.log('Statement 2')
    try {
      throw new Error('You have an error!')
    } catch (error){
      console.log(error)
    }
    console.log('Statement 3')

output:

Statement 1
Statement 2
Error: You have an errror!
Statement 3

Error Object :

There are 3 parameters in Error Object:

name
message
stack

1. name: This field indicates the type or name of the error, such as "TypeError" or "SyntaxError." It helps identify the nature of the error.

console.log('Statement 1')
console.log('Statement 2')
try{
    throw new Error('You have an error!')
}
catch(e){
    console.log(e.name)
}
console.log('Statement 3')

Output :

Statement 1
Statement 2
Error
Statement 3

2. message: The message field contains a human-readable description of the error, providing more details about what went wrong. It helps developers understand the issue.

console.log('Statement 1')
console.log('Statement 2')
try{
    throw new Error('You have an error!')
}
catch(e){
    console.log(e.message)
}
console.log('Statement 3')

Output :

Statement 1
Statement 2
You have an error!
Statement 3

3. stack: The stack field contains a trace of the function calls and execution context that led to the error. It helps developers trace back to the source of the error in the code.

console.log('Statement 1')
console.log('Statement 2')
try{
    throw new Error('You have an error!')
}
catch(e){
    console.log(e.message)
}
console.log('Statement 3')

Output :

Statement 1
Statement 2
Error : You have an error!
at Object. (D:\RTC Internship Cohort\RTC Practice code\javascript-practice\error-handling.js:4:11) at Module._compile (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1254:14) at Module._extensions..js (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1308:10) at Module.load (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1117:32) at Module._load (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:958:12) at Function.executeUserEntryPoint [as runMain] (node:internal/modules/run_main:81:12) at node:internal/main/run_main_module:23:47
Statement 3

Example :

function sayHello(){
    return "Hello"
}

let message =  null;
try {
    message = sayHello()
}
catch(e){
    console.log(e)
}
console.log(message)

Output :

Hello

Error Object :​

Error Object :